Parámetros de calidad espermática en semen crioconservado de peces dulceacuícolas
Parámetros de calidad espermática en semen crioconservado de peces dulceacuícolas
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La acuicultura a nivel mundial cada vez toma más relevancia y se ha convertido en una fuente de alimento e ingresos económicos de muchas comunidades alrededor del mundo. Sin embargo, actividades como la sobreexplotación del recurso hídrico y pesquero, el aumento de la población humana, la contaminación ambiental, el cambio climático, entre otros factores, están poniendo en riesgo no solo la seguridad alimentaria del planeta, sino también la biodiversidad de organismos, entre ellos los peces. Una de las herramientas para salvaguardar los recursos biológicos acuáticos, es la crioconservación, que en peces se enfoca principalmente en la conservación de semen en nitrógeno líquido y esta, pesar de ser una técnica muy útil, es susceptible a mejoramiento, ya que se ha reportado que las bajas temperaturas usadas en la crioconservación pueden causar efectos negativos en las células espermáticas, debido a esto es necesario establecer protocolos especie específicos para sacarle todo el potencial a esta forma de conservación. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión es recopilar información sobre los principales parámetros de calidad espermática que se ven afectados en el momento de crioconservar el semen, haciendo énfasis en las especies dulceacuícolas.
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